Saturday, January 10, 2009

Website

A web site is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is

hosted on one or more web servers, usually accessible via the Internet.

A Web page is a document, typically written in (X)HTML, that is almost always

accessible via HTTP, a protocol that transfers information from the Web server to

display in the user's Web browser.

All publicly accessible websites are seen collectively as constituting the "World Wide

Web".

The pages of a website can usually be accessed from a common root URL called the

homepage, and usually reside on the same physical server. The URLs of the pages

organize them into a hierarchy, although the hyperlinks between them control how the

reader perceives the overall structure and how the traffic flows between the different

parts of the site.

Some websites require a subscription to access some or all of their content. Examples

of subscription sites include many business sites, parts of many news sites, academic

journal sites, gaming sites, message boards, Web-based e-mail, services, social

networking websites, and sites providing real-time stock market data. Because they

require authentication to view the content they are technically an Intranet site.
History

The World Wide Web was created in 1990 by CERN engineer, Tim Berners-Lee.[1] On

30 April 1993, CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free to anyone.[2]

Before the introduction of HTML and HTTP other protocols such as file transfer protocol

and the gopher protocol were used to retrieve individual files from a server. These

protocols offer a simple directory structure which the user navigates and chooses files

to download. Documents were most often presented as plain text files without

formatting or were encoded in word processor formats.

Overview

Organized by function a website may be

* a personal website
* a commercial website
* a government website
* a non-profit organization website

It could be the work of an individual, a business or other organization, and is typically

dedicated to some particular topic or purpose. Any website can contain a hyperlink to

any other website, so the distinction between individual sites, as perceived by the

user, may sometimes be blurred.

Websites are written in, or dynamically converted to, HTML (Hyper Text Markup

Language) and are accessed using a software interface classified as an user agent.

Web pages can be viewed or otherwise accessed from a range of computer-based and

Internet-enabled devices of various sizes, including desktop computers, laptops, PDAs

and cell phones.

A website is hosted on a computer system known as a web server, also called an HTTP

server, and these terms can also refer to the software that runs on these systems and

that retrieves and delivers the Web pages in response to requests from the website

users. Apache is the most commonly used Web server software (according to Netcraft

statistics) and Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS) is also commonly used.

Website styles

Static Website

A Static Website is one that has web pages stored on the server in the same form as

the user will view them. It is primarily coded in HTML (Hyper-text Markup Language).

A static website is also called a Classic website, a 5-page website or a Brochure

website because it simply presents pre-defined information to the user. It may include

information about a company and its products and services via text, photos, Flash

animation, audio/video and interactive menus and navigation.

This type of website usually displays the same information to all visitors, thus the

information is static. Similar to handing out a printed brochure to customers or clients,

a static website will generally provide consistent, standard information for an extended

period of time. Although the website owner may make updates periodically, it is a

manual process to edit the text, photos and other content and may require basic

website design skills and software.

In summary, visitors are not able to control what information they receive via a static

website, and must instead settle for whatever content the website owner has decided

to offer at that time.

They are edited using four broad categories of software:

* Text editors, such as Notepad or TextEdit, where the HTML is manipulated directly

within the editor program
* WYSIWYG offline editors, such as Microsoft FrontPage and Adobe Dreamweaver

(previously Macromedia Dreamweaver), where the site is edited using a GUI interface

and the underlying HTML is generated automatically by the editor software
* WYSIWYG Online editors, where the any media rich online presentation like

websites, widgets, intro, blogs etc. are created on a flash based platform.
* Template-based editors, such as Rapidweaver and iWeb, which allow users to

quickly create and upload websites to a web server without having to know anything

about HTML, as they just pick a suitable template from a palette and add pictures and

text to it in a DTP-like fashion without ever having to see any HTML code.
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